Umhlahlandlela ophelele wokuhlukaniswa kwebhethri: ireferensi ephelele

I-athikili yangaphambilini ishilo ngempela ibhethri le-lithium-ion kaningi.Ngikholwa ukuthi usuvele uwuqonda umqondo waso oyisisekelo.(I-Airticle Ehlobene:Umhlahlandlela wokugcina kumabhethri) Kepha abantu abaningi bavame ukudida imiqondo eminingi, njengamabhethri e-lithium-ion, amabhethri we-lithium iron phosphate nokunye.Lapha kufika ekilasini lebhethri le-lithium-ion.Sicela uqhubeke nokufunda ngezansi.

Amabhethri e-Lithium-Ion angahlukaniswa ngezigaba eziningana ezisuselwa ekwakhiweni kwazo nokwakhiwa kwazo.Nazi ezinye izigaba ezivamile zamabhethri e-lithium-ion:

1. Amabhethri we-Lithium Cobalt oxide (ama-Lico2): Lezi ngolunye lwezinhlobo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zamabhethri e-lithium-ion, evame ukutholakala ku-elekthronikhi yabathengi njengama-Smartphones nama-laptops.

Izakhi eziphambili: I-cathode (i-electrode enhle) eyenziwe nge-lithium cobalt oxide, i-anode (i-electrode emibi) ejwayele ukwenziwa ngegrafu, kanye nehlukanisi elivumela ukugeleza kwama-lithium ion phakathi kwama-electrodes ngenkathi kuvimbela ukuxhumana ngqo phakathi kwe-electrodes ngenkathi kuvimbela ukuxhumana ngqo.
•Ubuningi bamandla: Cishe bangu-150-200 wh / kg
•Impilo Yomjikelezo: Cishe imijikelezo engama-300-500
•Izinga lokuzikhulula: cishe ama-5-8% ngenyanga

2. I-Lithium Iron phosphate (Lifepo4) amabhethri: Lawa mabhethri ayaziwa ngokusebenza kwawo okuhle kakhulu kwezokuphepha nempilo ende yokujikeleza.Zivame ukusetshenziswa ezimotweni zikagesi (evs) nezinhlelo zokugcina amandla.

Izakhi eziphambili: Amabhethri we-Lifepo4 aqukethe i-Couthpo4 enziwe nge-lithium iron phosphate, i-anode (i-electrode engemihle) ngokujwayelekile eyenziwe ngekhabhoni, kanye nokwehlukaniswa okuvumela ukugeleza kwama-lithium ion ngenkathi kuvinjelwa ukuxhumana ngqo phakathi kwama-electrodes.
•Ubuningi bamandla: Cishe ngo-130-160 wh / kg
•Impilo Yomjikelezo: Ngokuvamile Imijikelezo engu-2000-5000
•Izinga lokuzikhulula: cishe ama-1-3% ngenyanga

3. I-Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt oxide (Linimnco2 noma i-NMC): Amabhethri we-NMC anikela ngebhalansi phakathi kobuningi bamandla, amandla okusebenza, nokuphepha.Zivame ukusetshenziswa ezimotweni zikagesi namadivayisi we-elekthronikhi aphathekayo.

Izakhi eziphambili: Ukwakheka kwamabhethri we-NMC kungahluka, kepha ukwakheka okuvame kakhulu kungukulinganisa kwe-nickel, i-manganese, kanye ne-nmc 111 (izingxenye ezilinganayo ze-nickel, i-nmc 532 (izingxenye ezi-5nickel, izingxenye ezintathu manganese, kanye nezingxenye ezi-2 ze-cobalt).Isilinganiso esiqondile sithinta izici zokusebenza kwebhethri, kufaka phakathi ubungako bamandla, ukuqina kwamandla, kanye nokuphila komjikelezo.
•Ubuningi bamandla: Cishe 200-250 WH / KG
•Impilo Yomjikelezo: Ngokuvamile Imijikelezo engu-500-100
•Izinga lokuzikhulula: cishe ama-3-5% ngenyanga

4. I-Lithium nickel cobalt alunum oxide (linicoalo2 noma i-NCA): Amabhethri we-NCA ayaziwa ngamandla abo aphezulu amandla aphezulu futhi asetshenziswa ezimotweni zikagesi, njengamanye amamodeli akhiqizwa uTesla.

Izakhi eziphambili: Ukwakheka kwamabhethri we-NCA ngokuvamile kuqukethe ukugxila okuphezulu kwe-nickel, inani elilinganiselwe le-cobalt, nenani elincane le-aluminium ezintweni ezibonakalayo ze-cathode.Lokhu kwakhiwa kuvumela ukuqina kwamandla aphezulu nokusebenza okuhle okuphelele.

•Ubuningi bamandla: Cishe 200-260 WH / KG
•Impilo Yomjikelezo: Cishe imijikelezo engu-500-100
•Izinga lokuzikhulula: cishe ama-2-3% ngenyanga

5. Amabhethri we-Lithium Titanate (Liveti5o12): Lawa mabhethri anamandla aphezulu aphezulu kanye nempilo ende yomjikelezo, okwenza balungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukushaja okusheshayo kanye nokukhipha amandla aphezulu, njengamabhasi kagesi kanye nesitoreji samandla egridi.

Izakhi eziphambili: I-Conthode Ections kumabhethri we-LI4Ti5o12 akhiwa nge-Lithium Titanium Oxide, enesimo se-spine crystal.Lesi sakhiwo sivumela ukufakwa kanye nokukhishwa kwama-lithium ion anezinkinga ezincane, okwenza ibhethri ukufeza impilo ende yomjikelezo.
•I-Energy Density: Ngokuvamile 80-120 wh / kg
•Impilo Yomjikelezo: Cishe imijikelezo engu-10,000 noma ngaphezulu
•Izinga lokuzikhulula: cishe i-1-2% ngenyanga

6. Amabhethri e-Lithium-Sulfur (Li-S): Amabhethri e-LI-S anamandla okuhlinzeka ngobuningi bamandla aphezulu, kepha asakhiwa futhi awenziwanga kabanzi.

Izakhi eziphambili: I-CATATODE yamabhethri e-LINgesikhathi sokuphuma, i-lithium ions shuttle phakathi kwe-anode ne-cathode nge-electrolyte, kanye nesibabule kuthola uchungechunge lokuphendula kwamakhemikhali ukwakha amakhompiyutha e-lithium sulfide.Inqubo yokubuyela emuva yenzeka ngesikhathi sokushaja.
•Ubuningi bamandla: Okwamanje ngaphansi kokuthuthukiswa, kepha okungenzeka kube ngaphezulu kwama-300 wh / kg
•Impilo Yomjikelezo: Isathuthukiswa, ngokujwayelekile cishe Imijikelezo engu-200-500
•Izinga lokuzikhulula: Iyahlukahluka ngokuya ngomklamo othize kanye chemistry

7. Amabhethri e-solid-state lithium-ion: Lawa mabhethri asebenzisa i-electrolyte eqinile esikhundleni se-ketshezi noma i-gel electrolyte, enikeza izinzuzo ezingaba khona ngokuya ngokuphepha, amandla endla, kanye nempilo yomjikelezo.Kodwa-ke, basasesigabeni sokucwaninga nangentuthuko.

Izakhi eziphambili: Amabhethri e-lithium-ion aqinile, zombili i-cathode ne-anode ngokuvamile zenziwa ngezinto eziqukethe ama-lithium - ezifanayo namabhethri endabuko we-lithium-ion.Kodwa-ke, umehluko osemqoka ulele ku-electrolyte, okuyinto eqinile eqinile esiza ukuthutha ama-lithium ion phakathi kwama-electrodes.
•Ubuningi bamandla: Okwamanje ngaphansi kokuthuthukiswa, kepha kungenzeka ngedlula i-500 wh / kg
•Impilo Yomjikelezo: Usacwaninga, kepha kulindeleke ukuthi ube phezulu kakhulu kunamabhethri ajwayelekile we-lithium-ion
•Izinga lokuzikhulula: Kulindeleke ukuthi libe ngaphansi kwamabhethri ajwayelekile we-lithium-ion, kepha idatha ethile ayikatholakali kabanzi.

Lezi ngezinye nje zezinhlobo ezijwayelekile, futhi kunezinye izinhlobo ezikhethekile zamabhethri e-lithium-ion ngaphansi kwentuthuko.

I-athikili edlule ichaze umqondo wamabhethri we-lithium iron phosphate, okuyilungu lomndeni webhethri we-lithium-ion.Kepha ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezikhethekile, kufanele ngikhulume ngakho ngemininingwane eminingi ngokwehlukana.

Amabhethri we-Lithium-iron phosphate anezici ezihlukile ezihlukile eziqhathaniswa namabhethri endabuko we-lithium-ion: ukuphepha okuphezulu, impilo ende yokujikeleza, ingozi ephansi yokubaleka okushisayo kanye nobubanzi bokushisa obungaphezulu.Amabhethri we-Lithium-iron phosphate asebenzisa ama-lithium ion phakathi kwama-electrodes amahle futhi alungile njenge-lectrodes emihle njenge-cathode, enezinto ezizinzile zamakhemikhali futhi zinganikeza impilo ephakeme nempilo ephakeme yokuphepha.Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhethri we-lithium-iron phosphate anobungozi obuphansi bokubaleka okushisayo okuqhathaniswa namabhethri ajwayelekile we-lithium-ion ngaphansi kwezimo eziphezulu ezinjengezinga lokushisa eliphakeme noma ngaphezulu.Lokhu kwenza amabhethri we-lithium-iron phosphate anenzuzo eyengeziwe kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukuphepha okuphezulu futhi angasebenza kahle ngaphezulu kwebanga lokushisa elibanzi.

Okulandelayo amapharamitha ajwayelekile amabhethri we-lithium-iron phosphate:

Ububanzi bokushisa: Amabhethri we-lithium-iron phosphate ngokuvamile asebenza ibanga elibanzi lokushisa, imvamisa kusuka ku-degrees Celsius kuya ku-60 degrees Celsius.

Izinga lokuzikhulula: Izinga lokuzikhulula liyisilinganiso sebhethri lilahlekelwa amandla ngokwalo lapho lingasebenzi.Izinga lokuzikhulula lebhethri le-Lifepo4 liyi-1-3% ngenyanga.

Ukusebenza kahle komjikelezo: Ukusebenza kahle komjikelezo kubhekisa kumaphesenti amandla alahlekile ngesikhathi sokushaja / ukukhishwa kwebhethri.Amabhethri we-lithium-iron phosphate ngokuvamile anokusebenza kahle komjikelezo ophakeme futhi akwazi ukuguqula amandla kagesi abe amandla amakhemikhali futhi ayikhulule ngokusebenza kahle.

Usayizi webhethri: Amabhethri we-lithium-iron phosphate ayatholakala ku-mar ket ngosayizi nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, njenge-18650, 26650, njll.

Ukwakheka kwebhethri: Prismatic noma cylindrical.

Amandla kagesi: I-voltage evumelana ne-Lithium-iron phosphate yebhethri elilodwa yi-3.2 volts (v).

Ukusika i-voltage: I-voltage enqunyiwe yebhethri elilodwa le-lithium-iron phosphate ngokuvamile ama-2.5 volts

Okukhiqiza: Amanani ama-cylindrical Lifepo4 amaseli ngokuvamile asuka ku-1000 mah aye ku-3000 mah noma ngaphezulu.Amaseli we-Square Lifepo4 ahlale ebanzi yamandla aqhamuka ku-7h kuya ku-400 noma ngaphezulu.

Izinga lokushaja: Izinga lokushaja livame ukuvezwa njengenani le-C, eliningi lebhethri lebhethri.Isibonelo, isilinganiso sokushaja se-1C sisho ukuthi ibhethri likhokhiswa okufanayo kwamanje njengekhono lawo.Ibhethri elijwayelekile le-Lifepo4 lingasekela amanani wokushaja aphezulu njenge-1C kuya ku-2c noma ngaphezulu.

Izinga lokukhipha: Izinga lokukhipha, lizwakalise njengenani le-C, limele isilinganiso semvume yebhethri eliqhubekayo liye lawa maqondana namandla alo.Amabhethri we-lithium-iron phosphate ngokuvamile anokuqina okuphezulu kokucishwa futhi angasekela amanani okuphuma afinyelela ku-3c noma ngaphezulu.

Impilo (impilo yomjikelezo): Amabhethri we-lithium-iron phosphate ngokuvamile anempilo ende, angakwazi ukumelana nemijikelezo engu-2000-5000 yokukhokhisa nokukhipha.

Ubuningi bamandla: Ubuningi bamandla bamabhethri we-lithium-iron phosphate ngokuvamile phakathi kwama-130 no-160 watt-amahora ngekhilogremu (wh / kg).

Ibhethri le-lead-acid likhulunywe ngalo ngaphambili, kepha usunokungabaza?

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-AMG ne-Holid-acid amabhethri?
Yini ibhethri lejeli?
...

Ungakhathazeki, lapha kuzokunikeza uhlobo olucacile lokuhlukahluka kwabo nokufana kwabo.

Amabhethri e-lead-acid angahlukaniswa ezinhlotsheni ezilandelayo:

Izikhukhula ze-lead-acid ezikhulile: Lezi zinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zamabhethri e-lead-acid.Bane-electrolyte ye-liquid, imvamisa ingxube yamanzi ne-sulfuric acid, okukhululekile ukuhambisa ngaphakathi kwebhethri.

Nazi ezinye zezimpawu ezibalulekile kanye nezici zamabhethri e-lead-acid anezikhukhula:

•I-Liquid Electrolyte: Amabhethri akhukhula aqukethe isixazululo se-electrolyte esiwuketshezi, imvamisa ingxube yamanzi ne-sulfuric acid.I-liquid electrolyte ikhululekile ukuhamba ngaphakathi kwebhethri.

•Ama-CAPS asuswayoAmandla adonsela phansi athile isilinganiso sokuhlushwa kwe-sulfuric acid ku-electrolyte futhi kukhombisa isimo sebhethri.

•Ukuqothuka kwamanziAmanzi avele ngesikhathi senqubo yokushaja, futhi akhuphuka ngamanzi anciphile kusiza ukuvikela amapuleti ukuthi avezwe emoyeni, okungaholela ekuthambekeni.

•Uhlelo lokuphuma: Ngenxa yokukhiqizwa kwamagesi ngesikhathi sokushaja, amabhethri akhukhulayo anohlelo lokukhipha igesi ethe xaxa futhi avikele ukwakhiwa kwengcindezi ngaphakathi kwebhethri.Lolu hlelo lokuphuma ludinga umoya omncane endaweni yokufaka ibhethri.

•Amandla okuphuma ajulile: Amabhethri akhukhula adalwe ukuphatha ukukhishwa okujulile, abenze balungele izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho kulindeleke khona imithwalo esindayo noma isikhathi eside.

•I-Economical: Izikhukhula ze-lead-acid zivame ukubiza kakhulu uma ziqhathaniswa nobunye ubuchwepheshe bebhethri, zibelwenza ukukhetha okungabizi kwezimali kwezicelo ezahlukahlukene.

Amabhethri we-lead-acid agcwele amanzi ajwayele ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zezimoto, amasistimu wamandla avuselelekayo avuselelekayo, izinhlelo zamandla ezipelepele, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisindayo lapho ukuqina nokuthembeka kubalulekile.

Amabhethri e-Silealed ecid-acid (SLA): Waziwa nangokuthi amabhethri e-valve alawulwa yi-lead-acid acid-acid (VRLA), la mabhethri enzelwe ukugcinwa kwamahhala futhi avalwe ukuvimba ukuvuza kwe-electrolyte.Baphinde bahlukaniswe baba ngamanani amabili aphansi:

a.Amabhethri e-Ancbent Ingilazi (AGM): Lawa mabhethri asebenzisa i-fiberglass mat efakwe ku-electrolyte ukumunca futhi ukubamba i-electrolyte ngaphakathi kwebhethri.I-MAT nayo isebenza njengohlukanisi phakathi kwamapuleti.

Nawa amanye amaphuzu asemqoka ngamabhethri e-AGM:

•Ukwakhiwa: Amabhethri we-AGM aqukethe amapuleti aholayo kanye ne-electrolyte emunca ngaphakathi kohlukanisi lwe-MAT MAT.I-electrolyte ayisebenzi kahle ku-mat yengilazi, okwenza kungaphazamiseki futhi kube yisondlo.

•Ukusebenza: Amabhethri we-AGM asebenza ngokusebenzisa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali phakathi kwamapuleti okuhola kanye ne-electrolyte ukukhiqiza ugesi.Isihlukanisi se-MAST MAM esingenisiwe sisiza ekugcinweni kwe-electrolyte futhi inikeze indawo enkulu engaphezulu yokuphendula kwamakhemikhali, okuholela ekubuseni kwamandla aphezulu kanye namakhono okuvuselelwa okusheshayo.

•Kuvalwe okuvalwe kanye ne-valveFuthi zilawulwa, okusho ukuthi zine-valve yokususa ingcindezi yokuthola igesi eyeqile futhi ilondoloze ingcindezi yangaphakathi.

•Amandla okujula ajulile: Amabhethri we-AGM ayaziwa ngamandla abo ajulile umjikelezo, okusho ukuthi bangakhipha ingxenye ebalulekile yamandla abo ngaphandle konakaliswe.Zisetshenziswa kakhulu kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukukhishwa okujulile kanye nokuphindaphinda, njengezinhlelo zamandla avuselelekayo, izimoto zikagesi, nezicelo zasolwandle.

•Ukulungiswa kwamahhala: amabhethri we-AGM cishe awona nzima ngoba awadingi ukungezwa kwamanzi noma amasheke we-electrolyte.Kodwa-ke, basadinga ukushaja okufanele kanye nezimo zokugcina ukukhulisa impilo yabo yokuphila kanye nokusebenza.

•Izinzuzo: Amabhethri we-AGM anikela ngezinzuzo eziningana ngaphezu kwezinye izinhlobo zebhethri.Banesilinganiso esiphansi sokuzikhulula, bamelana kakhulu nokudlidliza nokushaqeka, futhi bangenziwa ezimeni ezahlukahlukene.Futhi banesilinganiso sokuphinda basebenze ngokushesha futhi banganikeza okuphezulu okuphuma kwamanje lapho kudingeka.

•Izicelo: Amabhethri we-AGM asetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo, kufaka phakathi izinhlelo zamandla ezipele, ama-Power Supplies (UPS), amasistimu we-alamu, izimoto zokungcebeleka, izimoto zokuzijabulisa (izimoto zokuzijabulisa.

b.Amabhethri we-gel: Amabhethri e-gel asebenzisa i-ejenti ekhuthele, imvamisa i-silica, ukuqinisa i-electrolyte.Lokhu kudala ukungaguquguquki okufana ne-gel, okunciphisa ubungozi bokuvuza kwe-electrolyte futhi kuvumela ukwakheka okuhlukile kwebhethri.

Nasi isibukezo samabhethri we-gel:

•I-GEL electrolyte: Amabhethri we-GEL asebenzisa i-electrolyte ebanzi ngesimo sejeli.I-electrolyte iqukethe isixazululo se-sulfuric acid exutshwe ne-silica ukudala into efana ne-gel.Le gel electrolyte isebenza nge-acid futhi ivikele ukuthi igeleze ngokukhululeka.

•Ukwakhiwa: Amabhethri e-GEL ngokuvamile anamapuleti aholayo, afanayo namanye amabhethri anesi-lead-acid, kepha ngezinto ezihlukanisayo ezihlukile ezithola futhi zigcine i-gel electrolyte.I-gel electrolyte inciphisa ubungozi bokuvuza kwe-acid, okwenza amabhethri achithe ubufakazi nokugcina.

•Amandla okujulile okujikeleza: njengamabhethri we-AGM, amabhethri we-gel aklanyelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezijulile zomjikelezo.Bangamelana nokukhishwa okujulile okujulile futhi baphinde bakhiphe kabusha ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa okukhulu kwamandla.Lokhu kubenza balungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukuhamba ngebhayisekili njalo, njengezinhlelo zamandla avuselelekayo, izimoto zikagesi, nezicelo zasolwandle.

•Kuvalwe uphawu ne-valveAzidingi ukulungiswa njalo, njengokungeza amanzi noma ukubheka amazinga we-electrolyte.I-valve yokusiza ingcindezi ivumela igesi eyeqile ukubalekela futhi isiza ukugcina ingcindezi yangaphakathi yebhethri.

•Ukuzwakala kokushisa: Amabhethri we-GEL anokuzwela okuphansi ekushiseni okwedlulele ngokuqhathaniswa namabhethri we-AGM.Benza kahle ezindaweni eziphakeme naphansi zokushisa.I-gel electrolyte ihlinzeka ngokuqina okuthuthukile okushisayo, okwenza balungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezimweni zezulu ezikhulu.

•Ukuvinjelwa nokushaqeka: Amabhethri we-GEL amelana kakhulu nokudlidliza nokushaqeka ngenxa ye-electrolyte ye-gel engabonakali.Lokhu kubenza babe yikhethelo elithandwayo lezicelo lapho ibhethri lingathola khona ukunyakaza kaningi noma ukucindezela kwemishini.

•Izinga elishaja kancaneI-gel electrolyte ivimbela ukunyakaza kwama-ion, okuholela kwinqubo yokushaja kancane.Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ishaja ehambisanayo eyenzelwe ngqo amabhethri we-gel ukugwema ukweqile.

•Izicelo: Amabhethri we-GEL asetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi izinhlelo zamandla avuselelekayo, izinhlelo ze-off-grid zonozungezilanga, amasondo egalofu, izihlalo ezinamasondo kagesi, ama-scooters, namanye amadivayisi wokuhamba.Zithandwa futhi kuzicelo lapho ukuphepha, ukumelana nokudlidliza, kanye namandla ajulile amabhayisekili kubalulekile.

Ukubeka kafushane
Yize amabhethri e-Holid-acid asaqhubeka nokuhlala i-Mar ket ephezulu ye-ket yokwabelana ngesicelo mar ket ngenxa yentengo yawo ephansi.Kepha eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngokuvuka kokuqwashisa kwabantu ngokuvikelwa kwemvelo, abantu abaningi baqale ukulahla amabhethri aphonsayo aphonsayo futhi babuyise amabhethri e-lithium-ion anobuhlobo obuthe xaxa.

Amabhethri e-Lithium Polymer, owaziwa nangokuthi amabhethri e-LI-PO, uhlobo lwebhethri olushayekayo oluvame ukusetshenziswa kumadivayisi we-elekthronikhi aphathekayo.Zingukuhluka kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion futhi abelane ngokufana okuningi kodwa ahluke ngokwemigomo yokwakhiwa kwawo kanye ne-electrolyte.

Nayi eminye imininingwane eyinhloko nge-Lithium Polymer (Li-Po):

Amabhethri e-LI-PO asebenzisa i-polymer electrolyte esikhundleni se-electrolyte ye-liquid etholakala kumabhethri endabuko we-lithium-ion.Le elecmer eledylyte ivame ukuba yinto eqinile noma ye-gel-efana, evumela ukuguquguquka okukhulu kwifomu lebhethri lebhethri.Lokhu kuguquguquka kwenza amabhethri e-LI-PO alungele amadivayisi anezingqinamba zesikhala noma amajamo angajwayelekile, njengama-Smartphones, amaphilisi, ama-drones, namadivayisi agqokayo.

• Ubuningi bamandla: Amabhethri e-LI-PO ngokuvamile anezinqumo zamandla ezisukela ku-150 kuya ku-200 watt-amahora amaningi ngekhilogremu (wh / kg).Lokhu kudala kwamandla okuphezulu kuvumela impilo ende yebhethri nemiklamo ethe xaxa uma iqhathaniswa nobunye ubuchwepheshe bebhethri.

• Izinga lokukhipha: Amabhethri e-LI-PO ayaziwa ngamanani awo aphezulu okuphuma, okuvame ukwedlula i-20C (lapho C imele umthamo webhethri).Amanye amabhethri asebenza kahle we-LI-PO angaphatha ngisho namazinga okukhipha a-50c noma ngaphezulu, abenze bakwazi ukuletha amanani amakhulu wamandla ngokushesha.

• Impilo ye-Cycle: amabhethri e-LI-PO angavumelana namakhulu amakhulu futhi asuse imijikelezo ngaphambi kokuba umthamo wawo uqale ukwehlisa kakhulu.Ibhethri eligcinwe kahle le-LI-PO lingagcina cishe ama-80% omthamo walo wokuqala ngemuva kwemijikelezo engama-300-500.

• Izinga lokuzikhulula: Amabhethri e-LI-PO anesilinganiso esiphansi sokuzikhulula.Bangakwazi ukugcina cishe ama-5-10% abophethwe ngenyanga yabo ngenyanga lapho igcinwe emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni.Lesi sici sibenza balungele amadivayisi angahle abe yize ngezikhathi ezengeziwe ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kakhulu.

• I-Voltage: Amabhethri e-LI-PO ajwayele ukuba namavolumu angu-3.7 volts ngeseli ngalinye.Kodwa-ke, uma kukhokhiswa ngokuphelele, i-voltage ifinyelela ezindaweni ezi-4,2 ngeseli ngalinye.Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi amabhethri e-LI-PO adinga amashaja akhethekile aklanyelwe ukuphatha ama-voltage abo kanye nokushaja izici.

• Ukucatshangelwa Kwezokuphepha: Amabhethri e-LI-PO azwela kakhulu ekubhekeni ngokweqile, ekushisekeni ngokweqile, kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu ngokuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zebhethri.Uma kuphathwa kabi, bangavuvukala, benze ngokweqile, noma babambe umlilo noma baqhume.Kubalulekile ukulandela imihlahlandlela yezokuphepha, sebenzisa amashaja afanele, futhi uvikele ukulimala ngokomzimba ebhethri.

Ukwakheka kanye nomgomo wokusebenza:
Amabhethri we-nickel-metal hydride (NIMH) aqukethe i-electrode enhle (i-nickel hydroxide), i-electrode engemihle (i-metal hydride), ne-electrolyte.Ngesikhathi sokukhululwa, ama-hydrogen ion kusuka ku-electrode yensimbi ye-hydride ehlangana nama-hydroxide ion kusuka ku-electrollide, ekwakheni amanzi.Ama-elektroni akhishwe ngokugeleza komjikelezo wangaphandle, akhiqiza amandla kagesi.

Amandla kagesi:
Amabhethri we-Nimh ngokuvamile ano-voltage ongokoqobo wama-0,2 volts ngeseli ngalinye.Amaseli amaningi angaxhunywa ochungechungeni ukukhulisa i-voltage ephelele.

Amandla namandla:
Amabhethri we-Nimh anesilinganiso sokulinganisa amandla, alinganiswe kuma-ampere-amahora (ah) noma amahora ama-milliamppere-amahora, amelela inani lebhethri elingasigcina.Amandla wamandla webhethri le-NIMH anqunywa ngokuphindaphinda amandla alo nge-voltage ye-ominal.

Ukushaja nokukhipha:
Amabhethri eNimh angakhokhiswa kusetshenziswa amasu afanele okushaja.Ngesikhathi sokushaja, kusetshenziswa i-voltage ephakeme ukuze ibuyiselwe emuva kwamakhemikhali ngesikhathi sokukhululwa.Ukukhishwa kuhilela ukukhishwa kwamandla agcinwe njengamandla kagesi.

Umphumela Wokukhumbula:
Amabhethri we-Nimh atholakala emfundweni wememori, lapho umthamo webhethri uncishiswa khona uma ukhokhiswa kaningi ngaphandle kokukhishwa kuqala.Kodwa-ke, amabhethri wesimanje ama-nimh athambekele kangako kulo mphumela uma kuqhathaniswa nezinguqulo zangaphambilini.

Umthelela wezemvelo:
Amabhethri we-Nimh anobungani bemvelo ngaphezu kwezinye izinhlobo zebhethri (ezinjengebhethri le-lead acid), njengoba zingenakuqukethe izinsimbi ezinobuthi ezinamandla njengokuhola noma i-cadmium.Kodwa-ke, basadinga ukulahlwa okulungile noma ukuvumelanisa ngenxa yokuba khona kwezinye izinto ezinjenge-nickel ne-metal hydride.

Izinja:
Amabhethri we-Nimh asetshenziswa kakhulu kwizicelo ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi i-elekthronikhi ephathekayo, izimoto ezi-hybrid, amathuluzi wamandla angenazintambo, namanye amadivayisi aqhelile.Banikela ngemali esele phakathi komthamo, amandla obuningi, kanye nokusebenza kwezindleko.

Ukwakheka kanye nomgomo wokusebenza:
Amabhethri we-Silver-zinc (ag-zn) aqukethe i-electrode enhle (isiliva oxide, ag2o), i-electrode engemihle (i-zinc, zn), ne-alkaline electrolyte.Ngesikhathi sokucasha, i-electrode ye-oxide yesiliva inciphisa ukwakha isiliva (AG) futhi idedele ama-hydroxide ion (OH-) kwi-electrolyte.Ngasikhathi sinye, ama-electrode we-zinc oxidizes, ancibilike kuZinc Ion (ZN2 +) kanye nokwenza ama-elektroni (e-).Ukusabela okuphelele kungavezwa njengoba: 2Ag2O + ZN -> 4 4AG + ZNO

Amandla kagesi:
Amabhethri we-Silver-zinc ngokuvamile ano-voltage ongokoqobo we-1.6 kuya ku-1.9 volts ngeseli ngalinye.

Amandla namandla:
Amabhethri we-Silver-Zinc anobunzima obukhulu bamandla acishe abe ngo-100-120 WH / KG.Banikela ngamandla asukela ku-150 kuye kwangama-500 mah kuseli ngalinye.

Ukushaja nokukhipha:
Ngesikhathi sokushaja, ukusabela kubuyiselwa emuva.Isiliva lihlehlisiwe emuva ku-Silver Kiresin oxide ku-elektrodi enhle, futhi i-zinc ibilisiwe emuva ku-electrode engemihle.

Izinzuzo:
Amabhethri we-Silver-Zinc anikela ngezinzuzo eziningana, kufaka phakathi ubungako obuphezulu wamandla, impilo ye-Cycle ephakeme (imvamisa engaphezu kwama-500 imijikelezo), kanye nomthelela ophansi wezemvelo.Baphinde babhekwa ngokuphephile uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amaKhemba athile asezingeni.

Ukulinganiselwa:
Umkhawulo owodwa wamabhethri we-Silver-Zinc yithuba lokwakhiwa kwama-dendrites esiliva, angadala amasekethe amafushane futhi anciphise ukusebenza kwebhethri ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.Ukushaja ngokucophelela nezinqubo zokukhipha ezidingekayo kuyadingeka ukunciphisa ukwakheka kwe-dendrite.

Izinja:
Amabhethri we-Silver-Zinc asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene, njengezinto zezempi, amadivaysi ezokwelapha, izinsiza zokuzwa, kanye nezicelo ze-aerospace.Ubuningi babo obuphakeme wamandla nokwethembeka kubenza basebenze kahle izicelo ezifunwayo neziphezulu.

Ukwakheka kanye nomgomo wokusebenza:
Amabhethri e-Lead-carbon ahlanganisa i-elektrodi enhle ye-Load Dioxide (PBO2) kanye ne-electrode engemihle equkethe izinto zekhabhoni.Ngesikhathi sokuphuma, ukuhola i-electrode ye-electrode ye-dioxide ukuze uhole i-sulfate (PBSO4), ngenkathi i-carbon electrors ithola futhi ikhipha i-ion.Le nqubo yakha amandla kagesi.Ngesikhathi sokushaja, ukusabela kubuyiselwa emuva, kuguqula i-Holfate Sulfate ibuyele ukuhola i-dioxide futhi ibuyise i-carbon electrode.

Amandla kagesi:
Amabhethri e-lead-carbon ngokuvamile anamandla kagesi angu-2 amavolokhethi ngeseli ngalinye.

Amandla namandla:
Amabhethri e-Lead-carbon anokulinganiselwa kwamandla okusukela cishe ku-40 ah kuya ku-200 ah ngeseli ngalinye, ngokuya ngosayizi webhethri nokuklama.Umthamo wamandla unqunywa ngokuphindaphindeka umthamo kagesi ogama.

Ukushaja nokukhipha:
Amabhethri e-lead-carbon angakhokhiswa kusetshenziswa amasu afanele wokushaja.Ngesikhathi sokushaja, i-voltage ephakeme kune-voltage yebhethri isetshenziswa ukuguqula ukuhola i-sulfate ibuyele emuva ku-dioxide futhi ugcwalise i-carbon electrode.Ukukhishwa kuhilela ukukhishwa kwamandla agcinwe njengamandla kagesi.

Izinzuzo:
Amabhethri e-Lead-carbon anikela ngezinzuzo eziningana ngaphezu kwamabhethri e-lead-acid, kufaka phakathi impilo yomjikelezo ethuthukisiwe (ngokuvamile imijikelezo engaphezu kuka-2 000), ukwamukelwa okuphezulu kwecala, kanye nokusebenza okungcono kwezimo ezithile.Ukungezwa kwekhabhoni ku-electrode engemihle kuthuthukisa amandla webhethri okuphatha izinhlelo zokusebenza eziphezulu neziphezulu.

Izinja:
Amabhethri e-Lead-carbon athola izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinhlelweni zokugcina amandla avuselelekayo, izimoto zikagesi ezi-hybrid (HEVS), izinhlelo zamandla ezipele, kanye nezinye izinhlelo zezimboni.Zilungele kakhulu izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukuhamba ngebhayisikile njalo, amanani aphezulu namazinga okuphuma, kanye nokwethembeka kwesikhathi eside.

Umthelela wezemvelo:
Amabhethri e-Lead-carbon anciphise okuqukethwe okuholela kuqhathaniswa namabhethri ajwayelekile we-lead-acid, okuholela ekuthuthukiseni umthelela wezemvelo othuthukisiwe.Baphinde bakhombisa amandla angcono okuhamba ngebhayisikile, okuholele empilweni yenkonzo ende nokunciphisa imfucuza yesizukulwane.

Ukwakheka kanye nomgomo wokusebenza:
Amabhethri we-Sodium-Sulfur (NAS) aqukethe i-electrolyte eqinile ye-state, i-sodium (na) i-electrode enhle, kanye nesibabule (s) i-electrode engemihle.Umgomo osebenzayo ubandakanya ukusabela kabusha kwe-reversible redox phakathi kwe-sodium kanye nesibabule.Ngesikhathi sokukhululwa, ama-sodium ion (na +) ukuthutha kusuka ku-electrode enhle nge-electrolyte ku-electrode engemihle, lapho besabela khona ngesibabule ukwakha ama-sodium polysulfides.Le nqubo ikhipha amandla kagesi.Ngesikhathi sokushaja, ukusabela kubuyiselwa emuva, ukuguqula ama-sodium polysulfides abuyele kuma-sodium ion kanye nesibabule.

Amandla kagesi:
Amabhethri we-Sodium-Sulfur ngokuvamile anamandla kagesi angu-2 ama-volts esitokisini ngasinye.

Amandla namandla:
Amabhethri weSodium-Sulfur anobunzima obuphakeme wamandla, asukela ku-100 w / kg kuya ku-200 w / kg.Umthamo uvame ukuba ngohlobo lwama-200 kuye kwangama-500 ampere-amahora (ah) iseli ngalinye.

Ukushisa okusebenzayo:
Amabhethri weSodium-Sulfur asebenza emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, imvamisa cishe ama-300 kuye kwangama-350 degrees Celsius (572 kuya ku-662 degrees Fahrenheit), ukwenza lula ukuhamba kwama-sodium ion futhi athuthukise ukusabela kwe-electrochemical.

Ukushaja nokukhipha:
Amabhethri weSodium-Sulfur adinga ukulawulwa kokushisa ngokucophelela ngesikhathi sokushaja nokukhipha ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kwawo futhi kuvikeleke izindaba zokuphepha.Ukushaja kuhilela ukusebenzisa i-voltage ephakeme ukushayela ama-sodium ion emuva ku-electrode enhle, ngenkathi ukukhishwa kufaka phakathi ukukhishwa kwamandla agcinwe njengamandla kagesi.

Izinzuzo:
Amabhethri weSodium-Sulfur anikela ngezinzuzo eziningana, kufaka phakathi ubungako obuphezulu wamandla, impilo ende yokujikeleza (imijikelezo engaphezu kuka-3,000), kanye nokusebenza kahle kakhulu.Zilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga isitoreji samandla amakhulu, njengezinhlelo zokugcina amandla ze-grid-level.

Izinja:
Amabhethri weSodium-Sulfur asetshenziswa kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi isitoreji samandla avuselelekayo, ukuqina kwegridi kagesi, nezinhlelo zamandla ezingekho emthethweni.Zilungele kakhulu izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukugcinwa kwamandla isikhathi eside kanye nokukhipha amandla aphezulu.

Ukwakheka kanye nomgomo wokusebenza:
Amabhethri e-sodium-ion aqukethe i-electrode emihle esekelwe e-sodium, i-electrode engemihle yekhabhoni, ne-sodium-ion-enza i-electrolyte ye-sodium.Umgomo wokusebenza ubandakanya ukuhlangana / kokushintshwa kwama-sodium ion (na +) ku / kusuka ku-electrode.Ngesikhathi sokukhululwa, ama-sodium ion athutha kusuka ku-electrode enhle kuya ku-electrode engemihle nge-electrode, edala ukugeleza kwama-elektroni akhiqiza amandla kagesi.Ngesikhathi sokushaja, ama-sodium ion aqhutshwa emuva ku-electrode enhle.

Amandla kagesi:
Amabhethri e-Sodium-ion ngokuvamile ano-voltage onobuhle obungu-3.7 kuya ku-4 volts ngeseli ngalinye.

Amandla namandla:
Amabhethri e-Sodium-Ion anokulinganisa kwamandla okuvame ukusukela kuma-milliamppere-amahora ayi-150 milliamppere-amahora nge-gram (mah / g) yezinto zokwenziwa nge-elektrodi.Ukuqina kwamandla kungasukela kusuka kuma-100 kuye ku-150-amahora we-watt ngekhilogremu (WH / KG).

Ukushaja nokukhipha:
Amabhethri e-sodium-ion angakhokhiswa kusetshenziswa amasu afanele wokushaja.Ngesikhathi sokushaja, kufakwa i-voltage ephakeme ukushayela ama-sodium ion emuva ku-electrode enhle.Ukukhishwa kuhilela ukukhishwa kwamandla agcinwe njengamandla kagesi.

Izinzuzo:
Amabhethri e-Sodium-Ion anikela ngezinzuzo eziningana, kufaka phakathi ubuningi kanye nezindleko eziphansi ze-sodium uma kuqhathaniswa ne-lithium, okwenza ukuthi zibize kakhulu.Futhi banempilo ende emijikelezo, ukuphepha okuthuthukile kuqhathaniswa namabhethri e-lithium-ion, futhi anobungani bemvelo.

Izinja:
Amabhethri e-Sodium-Ion ayahlolwa izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi izinhlelo ezinkulu zokugcina amandla, ukuhlanganiswa kwamandla okuvuselelekayo, kanye nokuqiniswa kwegridi.Banamandla okusetshenziselwa ezimotweni zikagesi, ama-elekthronikhi aphathekayo, kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokugcina amandla.